Infectious diseases are often prevalent in tropical climates and should be considered when traveling so preventive measures can be taken. Malaria and Typhoid fever are two common infectious diseases which are described below.
A disease that is present in Mexico, Indonesia, and nearly all of sub-Saharan Africa, Malaria is a serious illness for which there are no vaccines. However, a range of medications such as Malarone are available and can be taken to reduce the risk of contracting the disease. Malaria is spread by mosquitoes and is more likely to be avoided if medication is taken before exposure to mosquito bites, bug repellent is worn (especially after dark), insecticides are sprayed in the room where one sleeps, and mosquito nets are used while sleeping.
Typhoid Fever is a disease which is most often transmitted through contaminated food and water. Higher risk locations for contracting the disease include countries such as Madagascar, Mauritania, and Papua New Guinea. This disease is highly preventable by receiving an injected vaccine that is effective for as long as three years or taking a pill that provides protection for one year.